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Life, Yoga and Contact Improvisation AND I want to live in a world where people dance on train station platforms

6/13/2021

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Picture
Photo: I really would have liked to use a photo of me dancing on York train station platform, but I do not have one, so have used this one of the meadow dancing under the sunset last week.
Life, Yoga and Contact Improvisation
AND
I want to live in a world where people dance on train station platforms


My friend Paul, with whom I have co-taught a few times in different places, is a long-time Contact Improvisation practitioner. We have usually taught in relation to yama-niyama, the foundational yogic principles of how we interact with life, how we channel our energy and awareness, as laid out in Patañjali’s aṣṭāṅga yoga - the eight limbs or eight mutually supportive members of the collective body of classical yoga practice. The yama-niyama and the aṣṭāṅga are incredibly rich and robust. They provide such a beautiful resource to help calibrate to conscience and invite our life and experience more into the ‘central space’, the space of yoga, the space of the junction or the cross, where dynamism and stillness, rising and falling, expansion and contraction, can meet and draw out each other’s complementary and expansive potential; the place where the emergence, the sustenance and the falling away can all be witnessed, allowed and integrated.
The yoga perspective, the ʼdarśana’ - way of seeing - of yoga philosophy, trains us to work from gross to subtle and from micro to macro, to do what many mystics in many traditions have done through the ages, which William Blake enshrines in the opening of his ‘Auguries of Innocence’:
To see a World in a Grain of Sand
And a Heaven in a Wild Flower,
Hold Infinity in the palm of your hand
And Eternity in an hour.

My friend Paul pointed out, and I fully agreed, how contact improvisation was such a great lens to explore being human, such a great microcosm of life, and such a rich means to explore our understanding* and embodiment* of yamaniyama and yoga principles more generally.

*A note here, more than a side note:
on knowing, understanding and embodying;
on information, knowledge, understanding and wisdom.

Example One: a person takes a course on bicycle maintenance. The technician/bike mechanic teaches the person ‘everything I know’ about fixing a puncture… the thing is, everything the technician knows is beyond what can be distilled into the comprehensive tutorial. Having fixed thousands of punctures and dealt with all manner of wheel, rim, tyre, inner tube, valve, and puncture type combinations, the technician has come to an embodied understanding of the art of puncture repair.
Example Two: A person reads about swimming in the ocean, watches swimming tuturials on youtube, thinks he knows how to swim… only to find on diving into the ocean that there are all sorts of other, predictably unpredictable factors to be dealt with.
The idea: there is such a huge difference between knowledge and understanding.
One movement teacher I have benefited from working with is Ido Portal. It was from him that I first heard laid out the journey from unconscious incompetence, through conscious incompetence, through conscious competence to unconscious competence. I do not know, but others have suggested that his explanation was influencesd by Nassim Taleb’s describing the difference between the unknown unknowns, the known unknowns, the known knowns and the unknown knowns. What has this got to do with yoga, the dance of life, and the art of living and dying? Please keep reading:

Illustrations:
Unconscious incompetence:
i. I do not know that I would be clueless as to how to safely, effectively fix a puncture on my bicycle
ii. I do not even know that I cannot swim, for example, I have never seen anyone swimming or perhaps ever even seen an extensive body of water
Conscious incompetence:
i. I take my bike to my local bicycle repair man. He performs the whole operation with awe-inspiring ease, executing scores of precisely intentional procedures and checks with such competence that he makes it look so easy. And yet I know I could not come close to replicating his skill
ii. I see people swimming - that looks fun - I get in the water. They were gliding apparently effortlessly, I am splashing, thrashing around, not getting far at all, tiring quickly. Ah, okay, I am incompetent at this ‘swimming thing’ and now I know it.
Conscious competence:
i. I ask my local bicyle repair man if he might instruct me. He does, I learn some of the checks and maneuvres that he now performs ‘automatically’. They are by no means automatic for me, but if I pay close attention, perhaps work through my checklist, remember the key points, I can change the inner tube and fix the puncture competently.
ii. I learn to swim, I practice, quite a lot. I expose myself to a wide range of water/sea conditions. I learn about collaborating with the water, about navigating currents, eddies, whirlpools and tides and waves. When I come to potentially perilous situations, I can consult what I have learnt and respond appropriately
Unconscious competence:
i. I’m out riding, I get a puncture, five minutes later, I’m racing along again, having fixed the puncture ‘effortlessly’, without having to think much about it, because the knowledge of how to perform that operation is now embedded deep in my cells, installed in the core of my being,  where I can draw on it at will, and even prior to will. It emerges when it is helpful, it has become part of what I bring into the world.
ii. I’m swimming out at sea, I am confronted with various hazards, my competence is now so deep it has become instinctual. I have developed and refined a skillset that my deep intuition can manifest and perform through.

End of illustrative ‘more than a side note’.

The point: yoga is a practice. What are we practising for? Yoga. We are practising being able to stay in that sweet spot where the pairs of opposites meet and draw forth each other’s complementary and expansive potentials. Sometimes this is described as walking on a tightrope, walking on a razor’s edge.
However, I prefer the image of dancing on the edge.
Dancing: heartfully, soulfully, joyfully, in the predictably unpredictable reality of life, ie, in the risk, uncertainty, danger of life.
We are equipped for this.
There is nothing more dangerous than too much safety.
And I feel more than concerned about how overly protective mainstream education, and so many of the policies enacted by our so-called governments have become. That’s another aside.
 More to the point, life is uncertain. Life is dynamic, it is always changing. Creation, maintenance, destruction. This is life: Nature, that which is born. Everything that is born will die. We are nature. We were born, we will die. What will happen in between those two great changes? What can we guarantee? Change, the only certainty.
But we are equipped for this.
We have awareness. We have an array of powerful capacities and intelligences, many of which defy the limits of what our minds, languages, diagrams or formulae can render or express. Yoga is the drawing into togetherness and congruence of all these powers, so we can live more fully here and now. Only when we bring all of ourselves into this moment do we have a chance to experience all of who we are.
One of the great iconic exponents of this yoga, this art of living and dying, is Śiva Nāṭarāja, Śiva the Lord of the Dance: of creation, maintenance and destruction, of ignorance/veiling and remembering/revealing. When we bring ourselves into balance, when we are able to draw on our integrated powers of awareness, we can dance in dynamic equilibrium right here in the midst of the tumult, challenge, risk, beauty and whirling wonder of life.
So let us dance.
Let us dance.
In the classical Indian darśana, or ‘way of seeing’, dance is considered the most ‘primary’ art form. In painting for example, there is the painter, the paints, the brushes/tools/instruments and the painting. In scuplture, the sculptor, the tools, the materials and the scuplture. Dance and dancer however: where does one end and the other begin?
Dance is such a great lens for inquiry, and such a great method for exploration of the art of living and dying. This is especially the case for Contact Improvisation Dance: the form/method/art/way, where, it might be said, the point of contact leads the dance, where the junction of our awareness and that with which we are dancing/interacting is the dynamic centrepoint.
And so I was so inspired to be reminded of this today when I read an email shared by one of the wonderful group of seekers I am currently exploring the Āditya Hṛdayam with in the current online course.
Here is an excerpt from Laura’s mail to our group, with my italics for emphasis:

I used to run a dance company. We danced a style called contact improvisation. I love it because it invites pure presence. It is improvised, so no steps are provided, so the dance can become dangerous if one is not fully present. Contact alludes to being lifted and dropped, feeling the earth’s gravity as a force. You can see what I mean in this lovely video: https://youtu.be/7PqqOWb0WgM
It is very common to perform outdoors and with kneepads (I have as many pairs as a skateboarder would, I think!).

I recommend watching the video. It shows two people contact-improvisation-dancing in a train station. I find it beautiful.

And this reminds me, of something I feel quite strongly:

I want to live in a world where people dance on train station platforms

I want to live in a world where people dance in public, on station platforms, on the street, in the car park, down the aisles of shops, to their chairs at hostelries, between and in their lessons at school…

I want to live in a world where people dance on train station platforms.

Now, true story:

A few years ago I was at York railway station, it was late afternoon on a late summer’s day. I had to change trains at York. The connection I needed was leaving from platform five, but not for twenty or more minutes. Platform five was all in the shade. But I notice that across the way, down the end of platform nine, there is open space in the sun. So I make my way there and feel the sun’s warmth on my skin. I have been on the previous train a couple of hours, rather confined, somewhat cooped up. I want to move, I’d like to sing, really I feel like dancing. So I do. Nothing particularly demonstrative. I play a movement game with myself. Setting myself the challenge of moving my arms in various combinations with certain steps, inviting energy, lymph and vitality to move and re-invigorate me after the extended day of travel, and at the same time inviting new neural connections as I have to consciously focus and concentrate on the novel movement co-ordination… the sun’s in the sky, the day is warm and calm, I am feeling good. I can see the shaded platform five across the way. I can see that part of the platform where the train I’ll be catching is going from through a gap in the wall. People can see me too. Twenty minutes later I am on that train. It’s standing room only and I am near one of the entrances, near a man with his son, who is sat in a pushchair:
‘Hey dad, it’s the crazy man!’ The infant says, pointing up at me, and making me smile.
‘Don’t say that, that’s rude.’ The father gently chides his son.
‘But he was waving his arms around across the station.’
‘That doesn’t mean he’s crazy.’
I am almost laughing now, and I join the conversation.
‘No that’s okay, I was waving my arms around, and it might look crazy, but that’s okay. I feel a lot better for it. I’d been sat down for two hours on another train so it was good to move a bit you know? Anyway, sometimes the world is a bit crazy and it’s good to remember that we can be too.’
‘What do you think to that?’ Asked the dad. ‘You like to get up and run when we get home after a trip don’t you?’
‘Yeah,’ says the little boy. He keeps looking at me with a rather quizzical look.
‘Are you a dancer?’ He now asks me.
‘Well, I think life’s a kind of dance, so I’m trying to be.’
‘Leave the man in peace now Jacob,’ says the father.
‘It’s alright,’ I say, hoping that this boy will stay crazy enough to keep inquiring all his life.
…



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Yama-niyama: beyond rules to robust harmonisation

4/7/2016

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 One way that yoga could be described is as coming into sustainable, integrated balance, through all parts of ourselves and in relation to the world around us. A striking feature of ‘conventional, modern yogāsana’ is that it puts those who practice it into lots of different positions and orientations: bending forwards, to the side, reaching up, down and around, and even bending over backwards and turning our world upside down, if only for a few moments! One of the reasons for this is that it can help train us, at a neuromuscular, physiological level, to stay centred and integrated come what may. As we foster sustained steadiness and ease through all these different orientations, it can train us to maintain steady ease and balance as a platform for the optimal and most skilful response in whatever position or situation we find ourselves in life.

However, this is just one part of yoga practice, which, as Patañjali defines it, is really everything we do, all the time. In his Yoga Sūtra-s Patañjali defines practice (abhyāsa) as the long-time, sustained, uninterrupted, wholehearted effort to foster steadiness, attended to with commitment and a spirit of devotion (YS 1.13-14 my rendering). Everything we do then, can be considered ‘training’. Everything we do in life, all our ‘exercise’: external work, including, but certainly not limited to the time we work with yoga techniques; can be yoga practice. If we are interested in experiencing yoga and bringing its harmonising power more fully into our lives, this then raises the question of how we can make most skilful use of our constant practice and training. How can we ensure that we are fostering helpful patterns, rather than hindering ones?  If we work with yoga ‘exercises’, we might wonder how we can ensure that they actually cultivate yoga in the sense of true balance and integration.

At a certain stage in life, we realise that there are no real hard and fast ‘rules’. Even things which would generally seem unconscionable are in certain situations the most appropriate course of action. And sooner or later, we find ourselves in situations where the ‘rules’ or structures we have lived by are no longer broad or inclusive enough to guide us through the challenging situation we are now facing. The yogic masters understood this, and so they avoid ‘rules’. One of the many beautiful, striking features of Patañjali’s Yoga Sūtra is the complete lack of negative constructions. There is no prohibition. Patañjali does not deal in ‘don’ts’. Being an educational master, he understood that the human brain does not compute negative instructions, and so he doesn’t bother with them. In the world we live in, there is a great deal of emphasis on criticism, but yoga doesn’t bother with that. Rather than frittering energy away repeatedly analysing and dissecting a problem, once a disintegrating pattern has come into our awareness, yoga encourages us to deploy our resources to foster harmonisation and invite the type of cohesion in which the fragmenting pattern that would sentence us to continued pain dissolves. The yama-s and niyama-s are active principles that can help us do this and foster harmony, cohesion, integration in all we do.

While sometimes people use English words like restraints or prohibitions to talk about the yama-s, I feel it is much more representative of the spirit of Patañjali to consider them as behavioural principles that harness our energy for the sake of harmony. The yama-s and niyama-s are active principles, things that we do, cultivate, observe and practice. These are the principles that can help us ‘yogify’ our day to day, and help us navigate times when we might feel torn and when we might get carried away.

It is true that the first, third and fifth of the five yama-s begin with the prefix ‘a’, which at the head of a Sanskṛt compound stands for ‘na’, a word that is one of the ways of saying ‘no’ or ‘not’ in Sanskṛt. But it is important to note that ‘na’ in Sanskṛt has six meanings, each of which are quite broad categories:
i. sādṛśa –similarity, e.g: he is not Hitler, but he is similar to him
ii. abhāva – non-existence, e.g: an elephant is not here
iii. tadanyatvaṃ - difference/being ‘other than’/different from, e.g: a person is not a book
iv. tadalpana – very little, insufficiency e.g: saying ‘there is no milk’, meaning there is very little milk, or not nearly enough milk
v. apradhānatva/aprastuta – unimportance e.g: well she’s not the Prime Minister
vi. virodha – non co-existence e.g: fire and water
The third of these, tadanyatvaṃ, ‘other than/different from’ is especially important in the context of understanding the reach and robustness of the principles encoded in the yama-s. Ahiṁsā is not just non-harming. Though non-harming is undoubtedly a key part of what ahiṁsā  means, it is just the beginning. I think the principal of ahiṁsā can be more usefully rendered as ‘cultivating harmony’. Satya is constituted of the noun ‘sat’ from the verbal root ‘as’ meaning ‘to be’, with the suffix ‘ya’ meaning ‘having the quality of’, which could in some instances be expressed by the English suffix ‘ness’. Satya then, means ‘beingness’, existence, presence. Sat is sometimes referred to as ‘truth’ in the sense of ‘true’ because it ‘is’, it’s real, it exists. Certainly, truthfulness, and not lying but being honest, are significant parts of what satya invites, but perhaps more essentially it is about being fully present. Steya means stealing, so describing asteya as non-stealing is a helpful start, but in the sense of being ‘other than’ stealing, we might describe it more broadly as being respectful. Brahmacarya is a particularly misunderstood principle in this context as its shades of meaning often get clouded by cultural associations and connotations that the same Sanskṛt word has when used in a different context as one of the four stages of life in Orthodox Indian custom. Here though, it has the sense of taking great care with one’s energy to ensure that it is channelled towards an experience of Brahman – totality. Parigrahaḥ is used to refer to a grasping attitude, so non-grasping and non-covetousness is a good way to start describing aparigrahaḥ. However, taking it further, as a positive principle, I think it can be helpful to think of it as being present but ‘loosening our grip’ on things being a particular way.

When working with yogāsana or other yoga practice techniques, the yama-s, and niyama-s can be tremendously helpful. Considering just the yama-s to begin with: of course, we can use them as reminders of what not to do: not to be violent, aggressive, or harmful (ahiṁsa), not to cheat myself in the practice, or rob or deny myself of the chance to really practice, not to let my practice be an excuse that steals me away from my real responsibilities to myself and others (asteya); not to be careless with my different energetic resources (brahmacarya), and not to cling to the practice feeling or looking a certain way (aparigrahaḥ).

However, we can also, and perhaps even more powerfully, use the yama-s and niyama-s as positive, active frames, both as ways to orient ourselves in a kind of prayerful attitude, and as lenses to check in with our motivation. For example, as frames or ways of channelling our energy we could work with the yama-s along these types of lines: ahiṁsa - let me cultivate harmony, balance and integration; satya -  let me be truly, gratefully present in this miraculous moment and honestly, appropriately, work with the gifts of this technique and my awareness to foster harmony and deeper awareness; asteya – let me be truly respectful and not deny myself the opportunity to learn and grow from the particular opportunities of this day/situation/practice technique session; brahmacarya – let me be cognisant and respectful of the different powerful energies, the divine powers with which I am blessed, and may I make this practice, this experience, an opportunity to honour, include, nourish and tend them all; aparigrahaḥ - may I be deeply and honestly present, may I not hesitate to seize the cup of life and the opportunities it offers me in this moment, yet may I handle this cup gently, skilfully with the humility and poise required to gracefully imbibe the gifts of the unexpected.

This type of orientation can help us make our practice and our day-to-day a celebration and a prayer, a mahotsavaḥ - as is sometimes said in Sanskṛt, a ‘great festival of worship’. Prayer, worship and celebration without artificial intoxicants or ‘special effects’ are not always so acceptable or comfortable for a lot of people; and certainly within many, if not most mediated cultures, in the world today. Hopefully, the spread of yoga: as a practical way to bring simple celebration and a recognition of the miraculous gifts of our human awareness into more people’s sphere of direct experience; will change this. I think our planet would benefit from it. Also, there’s nothing ‘uncool’ about prayer! The Sanskṛt word for prayer, prārtha, like so many Sanskṛt words, is very beautiful because of the layers of instruction and energetic resonance that it carries. Prārtha is formed of artha which means ‘the means’ and the prefix pra meaning ‘towards’. So to pray in Sanskṛt is not just to ask for something, but rather to orient oneself towards one’s deeper longing. If we want peace, for example, the ‘prayer’ is to embody peacefulness, practice peacefulness, share peacefulness.

The niyama-s can be used in a similar, powerful way as a lens or frame of reference to support and guide what we are doing in the manifold activities of our day-to-day, and during those times we are working with particular yoga techniques. It can be easy in our modern world to cheat or sabotage ourselves, sell ourselves, or cave in. When we are on the edge, perhaps all the time really, the niyama-s, like the yama-s can be useful anchors, and great lenses for enquiry. Here I will give some examples of the types of questions, or ways to check in with ourselves amidst the maelstrom of the whirling wonder of life, that the niyama principles can prompt us towards.

Śauca – cleanliness or purity: what is the quality of my thought, where am I speaking from? What is my motivation here? Am I really clear here? If not what can I do about it? How about slowing down and really feeling into the centre here?
Santoṣa – contentment: what is the truth here really? (a question that contemporary yoga teacher Erich Schiffmann emphasises) Where am I in this? (a question that 20th century Thai Buddhist teacher Acharn Cha emphasised) What do I have to be grateful for here? Where/what is the opportunity to come to wholeness/completion/contentment in this particular situation?
Tapaḥ - the steady, clarifying and illuminating fire of yogic (balanced, sustainable) discipline: is my practice really nourishing me like spring sunshine? Am I really using my energy to clarify and grow? Am I walking/moving/acting in steady, nourishing discipline?
Svādhyāya – study of the Self and of the Scriptures as a means to deeper self/Self-understanding: how is this really affecting me? Is this really helping me expand into a fuller appreciation of all that I really am? Am I being honest and present enough to work with the learning opportunities that life is presenting me with as efficiently as I’d really like? Am I in rhythm? Is my practice/behaviour helping me relax more into the reality of my own skin?
Īśvarapraṇidhāna – consecrating one’s actions towards the highest: is this the way I would really want to behave if my actions were the last or only chance I had to express my love and gratitude towards that/the one I most love and respect?

These are just a few of the ways the yama-s and niyama-s could inform our work with yoga techniques, and the way we exercise, or conduct ourselves in the arena of action.

Clearly then, the yama-s and niyama-s are among the beautiful, practical gifts bequeathed to us by Patañjali and the yoga tradition. Surely, if we work patiently, persistently with them, they will bring greater harmony and harmonising power into our lives and the life around us. Śrī Patañjalaye gurave namaḥ - may our practice and study deepen our connection to the glorious, heavy duty harmonising wisdom of the great sage Patañjali!

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